Radiation hardening is a field of research and development focused on designing electronic components and systems that can withstand and operate reliably in environments with high levels of ionizing radiation, such as those encountered in outer space, nuclear reactors, and medical devices. This is achieved through various techniques, such as shielding, redundancy, and special materials to protect sensitive electronic components from the damaging effects of radiation. Radiation hardening is crucial for ensuring the reliability and longevity of critical systems in high-radiation environments.